Second Opinion Bots
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Second Opinion Bots

How to Get a Great AI Second Opinion

Step 1: Provide Complete Context: Before writing your prompt, please ensure all relevant patient information has been uploaded. This gives the AI the necessary context to provide a thorough analysis. Key documents include:
  • Full Medical History
  • Radiology Reviews
  • Lab Work Results
  • Referral Notes
Step 2: Write a Clear & Structured Prompt: Use the template below to build your question. This structure helps the AI quickly understand the case and provide a focused response. Examples of other prompts are below each topic below.
Prompt Template:
I am requesting a second opinion on [Patient Name]. All records have been attached.
Signalment: [e.g., 8-year-old, Male Neutered, Golden Retriever]
Presenting Complaint: [e.g., Chronic vomiting and lethargy for 3 weeks]
Key Diagnostic Findings: [e.g., Elevated ALT & ALP, hypoechoic nodules on abdominal ultrasound]
Please provide a list of your top differential diagnoses and a recommended diagnostic plan to discuss with the owner.

Oncology: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Guide diagnostics, staging, and client communication for cancer cases.

Examples:

Splenic Mass Workup: "A 10-year-old Golden Retriever has a splenic mass identified on ultrasound. Walk through the full diagnostic and treatment plan, including pre-surgical stabilization, surgical decision-making, histopathology expectations, and how to communicate options to the client.”
Lymphoma Staging & Therapy Choices: “Explain how to stage canine lymphoma according to WHO classification and when to recommend full CHOP chemotherapy versus prednisone-only palliative care.”
Mast Cell Tumor Client Education: “Provide a client-friendly explanation of mast cell tumors in dogs—include what staging means, why histopathology is essential, how grade impacts prognosis, and how we decide if chemotherapy or radiation is indicated.”
Feline Injection-Site Sarcoma Prognosis: “Compare expected outcomes and survival times for feline injection-site sarcoma after surgery alone versus surgery combined with radiation therapy. Include recurrence risk and follow-up intervals.”
Biopsy Submission Protocol: “Create a step-by-step biopsy submission protocol for a suspected hemangiosarcoma, including sample collection technique, margin labeling, fixation, and follow-up testing recommendations.”
Chemotherapy Drug Safety & Monitoring: “Compare vinblastine, doxorubicin, and lomustine in dogs—list mechanism of action, major toxicities, required monitoring (CBC, biochem, imaging), and timing of rechecks.”
Chemotherapy Client Handout: “Write a client handout explaining chemotherapy safety, visit frequency, handling precautions, common side effects, and what symptoms at home warrant a call to the clinic.”
Palliative vs Euthanasia Counseling: “Outline the decision tree for euthanasia versus palliative care in a geriatric cat with pulmonary carcinoma—include quality-of-life scales, appetite/activity indicators, and compassionate client communication.”
Remission Monitoring: “Design a three-month monitoring plan for a dog in remission from lymphoma—include bloodwork schedule, imaging recommendations, and client education on relapse signs.”
Oral Melanoma Workup & Prognosis: “Work up a dog with a pigmented oral mass consistent with malignant melanoma. Include diagnostic staging (FNA, rads, CT), surgical margin guidelines, immunotherapy options, and client prognosis discussion.”

Dermatology: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Diagnose, treat, and communicate chronic dermatologic conditions.

Examples:

Allergic Workup: “Work up a 4-year-old Labrador Retriever with chronic pruritus and seasonal licking of the paws and ventrum. Include differential diagnoses, diagnostic steps, and a long-term management plan.”
Otitis Management: “A French Bulldog has recurrent otitis externa despite repeated ear flushes. Outline a diagnostic and treatment plan, including cytology interpretation and maintenance therapy.”
Steroid-Resistant Atopy: “This dog’s pruritus returns two weeks after steroid taper. Create an evidence-based plan for non-steroidal control options (Cytopoint, Apoquel, Atopica) and discuss multimodal therapy.”
Flea Allergy Counseling: “Provide a client handout explaining flea allergy dermatitis in dogs—how a single bite triggers symptoms, the importance of household control, and treatment timelines.”
Autoimmune Skin Disease: “A cat presents with crusting lesions on the pinnae, face, and nasal bridge. Walk through the diagnostic plan for pemphigus foliaceus and outline treatment, monitoring, and prognosis.”
Food Allergy Trial: “Create a strict 8–12 week food trial protocol for a dog with suspected food allergy, including diet recommendations, compliance strategies, and a re-challenge phase.”
Hot Spot (Pyotraumatic Dermatitis): “Provide a treatment protocol for an acute moist dermatitis lesion on a Golden Retriever’s neck. Include immediate care, systemic medications, and client education.”
Acral Lick Granuloma: “Outline the multimodal management of acral lick dermatitis in a German Shepherd, including behavioral, environmental, and medical interventions.”
Chronic Pododermatitis: “Work up a Bulldog with interdigital cysts and draining tracts. Include diagnostics, cytology, culture indications, and long-term management.”
 

Dentistry: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Diagnose, treat, and communicate chronic dermatologic conditions.

Examples:

Periodontal Disease Plan: “Outline a full treatment plan for a dog with Grade III periodontal disease, including regional nerve blocks, extraction technique, alveoloplasty, flap closure, and post-op analgesia.”
Feline Tooth Resorption Decision-Making: “A cat presents with Type 2 tooth resorption on 307. Provide the decision tree for extraction versus crown amputation, including radiographic criteria, analgesia, and follow-up care.”
Post-Operative Home Care: “What are the detailed post-op home instructions after multiple extractions in a small-breed dog? Include diet, medications, oral care timeline, and signs of complications.”
Dental Radiography Education: “Explain to a client why pre- and post-extraction dental radiographs are essential, including what they reveal, how they influence treatment, and how they improve outcomes.”
Senior Cat COHAT Protocol: “Provide a complete anesthesia, analgesia, and monitoring protocol for an older cat with early renal disease undergoing a COHAT, emphasizing safety, fluids, and warming.”
Tooth Fracture Management: “A 5-year-old Border Collie presents with a complicated crown fracture of tooth 104. Describe the diagnostic steps, endodontic vs extraction options, and client counseling.”
Oronasal Fistula Repair: “Outline the surgical approach, flap design, and closure plan for an oronasal fistula at the canine tooth site, including suture choice and post-op restrictions.”
Feline Stomatitis Workup: “Develop a diagnostic and treatment plan for a cat with chronic gingivostomatitis—include dental extractions, adjunctive therapy options, and long-term monitoring.”
Anesthesia Complications: “Explain how to manage hypotension during a lengthy dental procedure in a geriatric dog, including fluid adjustments, drug choices, and when to pause the procedure.”
Client Education on Preventive Dentistry: “Create a client-friendly handout explaining the importance of daily oral hygiene, VOHC-approved products, and professional dental cleanings every 6–12 months.”

Cardiology: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Work up, stage, and treat cardiac disease; provide client education.

Examples:

MMVD Workup and Staging: “Work up a 9-year-old Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with a new murmur and cough—include diagnostic testing, ACVIM staging, initial therapy, and follow-up schedule.”
Feline HCM Monitoring Plan: “Create a home-monitoring and treatment plan for a cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and mild left atrial enlargement—include medications, recheck intervals, and owner monitoring instructions.”
Early Pimobendan Rationale: “Explain to a client why pimobendan is prescribed before clinical signs develop in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (Stage B2).”
Doberman DCM Management: “Provide a stabilization and long-term treatment plan for a Doberman diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmia—include antiarrhythmic choices, exercise restrictions, and follow-up diagnostics.”
CHF Client Explanation: “Generate a client summary explaining congestive heart failure in dogs—what it means, how it’s treated, what to expect, and red-flag signs requiring immediate attention.”
Pericardial Effusion Emergency: “A 10-year-old Golden Retriever presents with muffled heart sounds and ascites. Outline the diagnostic steps and stabilization plan for pericardial effusion with tamponade, including pericardiocentesis details.”
Arrhythmia Workup: “A Boxer presents for episodes of collapse. Provide the diagnostic workup for suspected arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, including Holter monitoring, treatment options, and client counseling.”
Congenital Heart Disease: “Explain the diagnostic and treatment approach for a 6-month-old puppy with a continuous murmur—include PDA diagnosis, surgical options, and long-term prognosis.”
Cardiorenal Syndrome Management: “Develop a balanced treatment plan for a dog with concurrent CHF and Stage 2 CKD, including medication adjustments, fluid balance management, and monitoring parameters.”
Recheck and Monitoring Template: “Design a recheck plan for a dog in chronic CHF—include home monitoring (respiratory rate, appetite, weight), medication review frequency, and what labs or imaging to repeat at each visit.”

General Practice: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Provide guidance for routine GP cases and client education.

Examples:

Vomiting and Diarrhea: Work up a 3-year-old mixed-breed dog presenting with vomiting and diarrhea after eating trash—include differential diagnoses, diagnostic testing options, treatment recommendations, and criteria for deciding between outpatient care and hospitalization.
Preventive Care Checklist: Create a preventive-care visit checklist for adult dogs, including vaccine schedule, heartworm testing, parasite prevention, nutrition discussion, and dental health evaluation.
Wellness Bloodwork: Explain to an owner why annual wellness bloodwork is valuable even in healthy pets—highlight the importance of early disease detection, baseline data tracking, and long-term cost savings.
Otitis Externa: Generate a treatment and client education plan for a dog diagnosed with otitis externa—include proper ear cleaning techniques, cytology interpretation, topical and systemic medication guidance, and follow-up intervals.
Feline FLUTD: Outline management strategies for feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) with both obstructive and non-obstructive presentations—cover emergency stabilization, diet therapy, recurrence prevention, and client counseling.
Feline Weight Loss: Provide a detailed weight-loss plan for an obese cat, including daily caloric needs using RER calculation, recommended diet formulations, feeding schedule, and monitoring protocol with recheck frequency.
Urinary Tract Infection: Describe the standard diagnostic steps, antibiotic choices, and recheck plan for an uncomplicated urinary tract infection in a spayed female dog—include urine culture guidelines and recurrence prevention tips.
COHAT Discharge: Build a standard discharge sheet for a patient sent home after a dental COHAT with mild gingivitis—include instructions on diet consistency, home oral hygiene, medication dosing, and recheck scheduling.
Vaccine Education: Explain to a client the risks and public health implications of skipping vaccines, especially rabies and leptospirosis—emphasize zoonotic potential, legal requirements, and disease prevention outcomes.
Feline Wellness Plan: Provide a structured annual wellness plan for cats—include vaccination timing, parasite prevention, environmental enrichment strategies, nutrition assessment, and lab work recommendations.
Euthanasia Counseling: Outline how to handle a sensitive euthanasia discussion for a senior pet with chronic arthritis and declining quality of life—focus on compassionate communication, quality-of-life scales, and client emotional support resources.

Internal Medicine: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Guide diagnostic workups and treatment planning for complex internal cases.

Examples:

Chronic Weight Loss in a Cat: “Work up a 10-year-old DSH cat with progressive weight loss, good appetite, and intermittent vomiting. Include differentials, diagnostic tests, and treatment options.”
CKD Management: “Create a comprehensive management and monitoring plan for a dog with Stage 3 chronic kidney disease following IRIS guidelines—include diet, medications, and recheck intervals.”
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO): “Outline a diagnostic approach for a 7-year-old mixed-breed dog with intermittent fevers and lethargy for two weeks, unresponsive to antibiotics.”
Polyuria/Polydipsia Case: “A 6-year-old Labrador presents with PU/PD and mild elevation in liver enzymes. Walk through your diagnostic flowchart and possible endocrine causes.”
Pancreatitis in Cats: “Develop a treatment and monitoring plan for feline pancreatitis, emphasizing nutrition, hydration, and pain control.”
Endocrine Case Comparison: “Compare diagnostic algorithms, treatment protocols, and monitoring for canine Cushing’s vs Addison’s disease.”
Anemia Evaluation: “A 9-year-old mixed-breed dog presents with pale mucous membranes and a PCV of 18%. Outline the differential diagnosis list and workup for regenerative vs non-regenerative anemia.”
Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs: “Create a start-to-finish insulin initiation and monitoring plan for a newly diagnosed diabetic dog, including client communication about glucose curves and diet.”
Chronic Hepatopathy: “Work up a senior Cocker Spaniel with persistently elevated ALT and ALP, mild hyperbilirubinemia, and no clinical signs—include next diagnostic steps and treatment options.”
Proteinuria & Hypertension: “Provide a management plan for a dog with persistent proteinuria and systemic hypertension, including diagnostic considerations, drug choices, and recheck schedule.”

Surgery: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Generate full procedural plans, anesthesia protocols, and client explanations.

Examples:

Lateral Ear Resection: Provide a step-by-step surgical plan for a lateral ear resection in a Cocker Spaniel, including preoperative medications, anesthesia considerations, incision placement, closure techniques, potential complications, and postoperative care instructions.
Femoral Fracture Repair: For a 45-lb dog with a mid-shaft femoral fracture, describe internal fixation options such as IM pins, plates, or ESF; recommend suture materials and closure methods; outline postoperative pain management, physical therapy, and follow-up radiograph schedule.
Perineal Hernia Repair: Explain the best surgical approach for repairing a perineal hernia in an intact male dog, including preoperative stabilization, castration rationale, muscle flap selection, suture materials, and postoperative management of defecation and wound healing.
Splenectomy Client Explanation: Create a detailed client explanation for a splenectomy performed due to a splenic mass—include the reason for surgery, risk of rupture, recovery timeline, histopathology expectations, and prognosis differences if the mass is benign versus malignant.
Dehiscence Closure: Walk through the decision tree for closing a 4-inch circular dehiscence on the mid-thigh—cover wound bed preparation, options for tension-relieving techniques (e.g., local rotation flap, advancement flap), suture patterns, and post-closure care.
Abdominal Exploratory: Outline the full protocol for an abdominal exploratory surgery in a vomiting dog with suspected foreign body obstruction—include pre-surgical diagnostics, incision landmarks, organ inspection sequence, closure technique, and postoperative monitoring.
Pyometra OHE: Describe the surgical and perioperative management for a septic pyometra case in an intact female dog—detail pre-op stabilization, anesthetic risk considerations, incision type, removal of the uterus and ovaries, and postoperative antibiotic and fluid protocols.
Gastropexy for GDV: Provide a surgical plan for performing an incisional gastropexy following correction of gastric dilatation-volvulus—include de-rotation steps, suture pattern for pexy attachment, complication prevention, and long-term recurrence risk counseling.
Cystotomy for Bladder Stones: Develop a detailed cystotomy procedure guide for a dog with cystic calculi—cover pre-surgical imaging, incision site selection, stone retrieval and flushing, bladder closure technique, and postoperative urine monitoring and diet modification.
Wound Closure Techniques: Outline closure techniques for a large skin defect on the distal limb—compare options such as tension-relieving sutures, axial pattern flaps, and skin grafts, and provide guidance on postoperative bandaging and activity restriction.

Emergency: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Triage, stabilize, and communicate urgent and life-threatening cases.

Examples:

Hit-by-Car Stabilization: Outline a complete stabilization protocol for a dog struck by a vehicle—include triage priorities, airway and perfusion assessment, initial fluid therapy, analgesia choices, imaging sequence (FAST scan, radiographs), and surgical decision criteria.
Respiratory Distress (Pleural Effusion): Provide the full emergency plan for a cat in respiratory distress with pleural effusion—include oxygen therapy, thoracocentesis site and technique, fluid characterization, reaccumulation monitoring, and a concise client explanation of cause and prognosis.
GDV (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus): Describe the rapid-response algorithm for canine GDV, covering decompression options (orogastric tube, trocarization), fluid resuscitation rates, anesthetic induction for emergency laparotomy, surgical pexy technique, and postoperative monitoring for reperfusion injury.
Urethral Obstruction (Blocked Cat): Explain how to manage a male cat presenting for urethral obstruction—include stabilization for hyperkalemia, sedation and catheterization procedure, post-obstructive diuresis management, and home-care instructions for preventing recurrence.
CPR & Post-Arrest Care: Create an owner summary explaining what happens during CPR in pets—describe chest compression technique, drug administration, survival expectations, and what to anticipate after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).
Hypovolemic Shock: Work through the diagnostic and treatment approach for a dog in hypovolemic shock due to hemorrhage—include triage parameters, crystalloid and colloid fluid therapy, blood product administration, and monitoring endpoints for resuscitation.
Seizure Emergency: Outline the emergency management of a dog actively seizuring—include stabilization, benzodiazepine protocols, secondary diagnostics for underlying cause, temperature control, and post-ictal care recommendations.
Anaphylaxis: Provide a step-by-step treatment plan for canine anaphylaxis following a vaccine reaction—cover epinephrine dosing, IV fluids, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and client guidance on monitoring for recurrence.
Heatstroke Management: Describe the emergency care for a dog suffering from heatstroke—include controlled cooling methods, IV fluid selection, monitoring for coagulopathy and AKI, and post-stabilization recheck recommendations.
Traumatic Brain Injury: Detail the acute management of a dog with head trauma and altered mentation—cover airway and oxygenation support, hyperosmolar therapy (mannitol vs hypertonic saline), blood pressure targets, and neurologic monitoring during recovery.

Nutrition: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Answer veterinary nutrition questions with concise, evidence-based recommendations.
Overweight Labrador needs weight-loss plan: TL;DR: Calculate RER × 0.8; pick high-protein, low-fat diet; aim 1–2% BW loss per week; recheck in 3–4 weeks. Provide calorie target, food amount, and owner guide. Cite SACN Ch. 25.
CKD cat refusing renal diet: Offer alternate renal diets (wet vs dry, different protein sources); recommend appetite stimulant, phosphate binder if phosphorus high; recheck BUN/creatinine in 2–3 weeks.
Diabetic cat diet advice: Recommend high-protein, low-carb canned diet; feed at insulin times; consistent portions; monitor BG curve; cite WSAVA/AAHA diabetes guidelines.
Food-allergic dog on hydrolyzed diet but still itchy: Verify exclusivity of diet (no treats); assess for environmental allergies; discuss novel protein diet if no improvement in 8 weeks.
Pancreatitis-prone dog needs long-term plan: Feed low-fat (<10% DMB) therapeutic diet, avoid table scraps, small frequent meals, omega-3 supplementation; cite SACN Ch. 20.
Homemade diet formulation request: Warn about nutrient imbalance risk; offer referral to ACVN nutritionist; provide sample balanced recipe template from NRC standards.
Senior cat with arthritis and weight loss: Evaluate for CKD/hyperthyroidism; maintain high-quality protein, joint-support omega-3s, soft food texture; recheck in 2 weeks.
Puppy large breed diet: Emphasize Ca:P ratio 1.1–1.3:1; avoid excess calcium; feed controlled-growth formula until skeletal maturity.
Heart disease diet: Sodium restriction; maintain optimal weight; consider taurine/carnitine supplementation; monitor electrolytes.
Owner feeding grain-free diet, concerned about DCM: Review taurine risk in BEG diets; suggest balanced AAFCO-compliant food; consider taurine test and supplementation; client summary with reassurance.

Ophthalmology: GeminiGemini‎Google Gemini
‎Google Gemini

‎Google Gemini

Meet Gemini, Google’s AI assistant. Get help with writing, planning, brainstorming, and more. Experience the power of generative AI.

GeminiGemini

Purpose: Answer ophthalmology questions with concise, evidence-based recommendations.
Corneal Ulcer: Work up a dog with a painful, tearing eye and blue haze over the cornea—include diagnostic tests (Schirmer, fluorescein, tonometry), treatment options for superficial vs deep ulcers, and client communication on healing time and compliance.
KCS (Dry Eye): Develop a lifelong management plan for a dog with keratoconjunctivitis sicca—cover tear stimulants, lubrication frequency, antibiotic prophylaxis, and owner monitoring guidelines.
Cherry Eye: Describe surgical repair and aftercare for third eyelid gland prolapse in a young Bulldog—include indications for surgery, post-op medications, recurrence risk, and owner expectations.
Cataracts: Outline diagnostic workup and referral steps for a diabetic dog with bilateral lens opacity—include differentiation from nuclear sclerosis and pre-surgical retinal evaluation.
Glaucoma: Provide an emergency and long-term management plan for acute glaucoma—include drugs, IOP targets, and when to refer for enucleation or cyclophotocoagulation.
Conjunctivitis: Work up a cat with conjunctival redness and discharge—cover viral/bacterial differentials, diagnostic steps, and client education on contagion and home care.
Entropion: Describe diagnosis and temporary vs permanent surgical correction of entropion—include anesthesia, postoperative care, and expected recovery timeline.
Uveitis: Outline a diagnostic and therapeutic plan for canine anterior uveitis—include systemic causes, topical/systemic therapy, and monitoring schedule.
Corneal Foreign Body: Explain diagnosis and treatment for a corneal foreign body—include removal technique, antibiotics, pain management, and recheck protocol.
PRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy): Provide a clear, empathetic client explanation for PRA—discuss progression, genetic nature, adaptation tips for blind pets, and follow-up care.
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